tar xvf filename.tar
tar xvzf filename.tar.gz
tar xvjf filename.tar.bz2
unzip filename.zip -d /path/folder
unrar -x filename.rar

So for your file open a console and do: tar xvjf kaffeine-0.5.tar.bz2

That said, you should actually install kaffeine with apt:
su
dselect update
apt-get install kaffeine -s
If the output looks ok, remove the -s for simulation.