There seems to be a common issue of knoppix-install getting stuck on the partition step, where knx-hdinstall worked fine.
There is a workaround:
For those guys, who just get to the partition menu and can't go to the main menu, as my installer thinks the partition is not yet, right.
Please do the following steps:
sudo rebuildfstab -r -v # this should add all your partitions
export IGNORE_CHECK=1
sudo knoppix-installer
Then you can also install wihtout swap-partition and also install on a disk, which is smaller then we would need it. However do this onyour own risk .

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